Wood’s dispatch 1854 and its recommendations

Origin Of Wood’s Despatch:-

Charles Wood was a British liberal politician and a member of parliament . Later he became president of Board of Control of East Indian Company . At that time Lord Dalhousie was governor General of India.

● Wood’s dispatch was written by John Stuart and was named as “Wood’s Educational Dispatch”

● The foundation of present system of education was laid on this dispatch, that’s why it is known as “Magna Carta of education in India”.

● He sent this report to Indian government on 19 July 1854 and is known as Wood’s dispatch 1854.

● In this dispatch there was 100 paragraph in which aims of education, its mediums and Reforms were considered.

Recommendations Of Wood’s Despatch

● Responsibility of education:-

Charles wood was first British employee who thought that it was the duty of British government to provide education to Indian people.

● Aims of education:-

They wanted to increase intellectual and moral character of Indian but their main aim was to make them suitable for governments work.

● Medium of instruction:-

It was expressed in declaration that to spread European knowledge English language should be used and for other circumstances Indian language can be used.

● Establishment of Education Department:-

They want to establish Department of Public Instruction in every province. The work of this department is to inspect schools and guide teachers.

● Establishment of universities:-

Dispatch recommended establishment of universities for higher education in Madras Calcutta and Bombay .In 1857 these all universities were established. They were made on model of London universities.

● Expansion of Mass education:-

That time there was no Mass education and education was limited to rich .To fulfill this primary, middle and high schools were constructed.

● Grant in aid system:-

They introduced the system of grant in aid and wanted help of private Enterprise in field of education because government alone cannot provide education to all.

● Training of teachers:-

Dispatch recommended proper training of teachers so that they can teach well.

● Education to women:-

It laid emphasis on women education and provided aids to those organisation who engage in education of girls.

● Policy of religious neutrality:-

Dispatch said that there should be no religious policies in education and it should be secular.

Merits

1) Education is responsibility of government.

2) It laid emphasis on women education.

3) Proposed Mass education for it opened new primary , middle and high school.

4) In spite of Macaulay’s Minute , he found importance of Indian Culture and literature.

5) Training to teachers for increasing standard of education.

6) Establishment of University for higher education.

Demerits

1)It gave priority to English , English Medium schools.

2)It was spread in Western education on model of London.

3)The education system just wanted to earn money.

4)No spiritual knowledge was given.

5)Exam centric education was there, No knowledge only Rote learning.

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